With standardized hardware and software, the microcomputers provide user-friendly
environment. It meets the computing requirements of most users. But, the need for interaction
with other computer users and with other computer systems for exchange of data etc., has
increased over the years. Networks are increasingly meeting this need. From the users’ point of
view the networks may be of two types: Local area network and Wide area network.
Computer networking is the process of inter connecting two or more computers so that
the users can communicate with each other, share resources and overcome other limitations of
stand-alone systems. The network can be established with a variety of combinations of
computers such as a net of only microcomputers, microcomputers and one or more
minicomputers and a set of microcomputers connected to a mainframe computer. The computers
in typical network are autonomous in the sense that they have processing capability independent
of the network.
environment. It meets the computing requirements of most users. But, the need for interaction
with other computer users and with other computer systems for exchange of data etc., has
increased over the years. Networks are increasingly meeting this need. From the users’ point of
view the networks may be of two types: Local area network and Wide area network.
Computer networking is the process of inter connecting two or more computers so that
the users can communicate with each other, share resources and overcome other limitations of
stand-alone systems. The network can be established with a variety of combinations of
computers such as a net of only microcomputers, microcomputers and one or more
minicomputers and a set of microcomputers connected to a mainframe computer. The computers
in typical network are autonomous in the sense that they have processing capability independent
of the network.
ADVANTAGES OF NETWORKING
The main advantages of networking are:
(i). Hardware resource sharing:
Network enables sharing of expensive resources such as processor, storage space and
peripherals like modern, fax, and laser printer.
(ii). Sharing of databases:
The network permits concurrent access to the same data file by many users in the
network. Thus, user in the sales department, production department, inventory department etc
share corporate databases.
(iii). Sharing of Software:
Any user in a network can load and use the software installed on any of the computer of
fileserver in the network.
(iv). Communication between users:
The Network users can communicate between them. E-mail facility can also be used for
communication.
(v). Decentralized data processing:
In a network, the data processing can be decentralized by enabling local offices to capture
and store data, and generate information to meet most of their requirements a local level itself.
(vi) Security of data:
In a networked environment the data is backed up with duplicate storage. Adequate
security measures are also put in place to product the data.
(i). Hardware resource sharing:
Network enables sharing of expensive resources such as processor, storage space and
peripherals like modern, fax, and laser printer.
(ii). Sharing of databases:
The network permits concurrent access to the same data file by many users in the
network. Thus, user in the sales department, production department, inventory department etc
share corporate databases.
(iii). Sharing of Software:
Any user in a network can load and use the software installed on any of the computer of
fileserver in the network.
(iv). Communication between users:
The Network users can communicate between them. E-mail facility can also be used for
communication.
(v). Decentralized data processing:
In a network, the data processing can be decentralized by enabling local offices to capture
and store data, and generate information to meet most of their requirements a local level itself.
(vi) Security of data:
In a networked environment the data is backed up with duplicate storage. Adequate
security measures are also put in place to product the data.
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